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Palbociclib isethionate is an orally administered anti-cancer medication that is widely used in the treatment of hormone receptor-positive (HR+), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer. It is classified as a cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK 4/6) inhibitor, acting to prevent the progression of the cell cycle and inhibit cancer cell growth.The primary mechanism of action of palbociclib isethionate is the inhibition of CDK 4 and CDK 6, enzymes responsible for promoting the progression of the cell cycle and facilitating cell division. By blocking these CDKs, palbociclib disrupts the proliferation of cancer cells, preventing their growth and spread. This makes it an effective targeted therapeutic option for HR+ breast cancer, which is characterized by the presence of hormone receptors that drive cancer cell growth.Palbociclib isethionate is typically used in combination with hormonal therapies such as aromatase inhibitors (e.g., letrozole) or fulvestrant. These combinations enhance the efficacy of the treatment, leading to improved outcomes for patients with advanced or metastatic HR+ breast cancer.Clinical trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of palbociclib isethionate in improving progression-free survival and overall response rates in patients with metastatic HR+ breast cancer. It has been shown to significantly delay disease progression, reducing the risk of recurrence and extending the time before further treatment is required.However, it is essential to note that palbociclib isethionate may cause adverse effects. The most commonly reported side effects include neutropenia (low white blood cell count), fatigue, nausea, alopecia (hair loss), and diarrhea. Regular monitoring of blood counts is necessary during treatment to manage and mitigate these potential complications.In conclusion, palbociclib isethionate is a potent and targeted therapeutic option used in combination with hormonal therapies for the treatment of HR+, HER2- metastatic breast cancer. Through its inhibition of CDK 4/6, palbociclib disrupts cancer cell growth and prolongs progression-free survival. However, it is important to consider the potential side effects and closely monitor patients while on therapy.