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Oxalic acid dihydrate is a chemical compound with various effects and uses. Here are some of its effects:

1. Cleaning agent: Oxalic acid dihydrate is commonly used as a cleaning agent for rust and mineral stains. It can effectively remove rust from metal surfaces and clean mineral deposits from various surfaces.

2. Bleaching agent: Oxalic acid dihydrate is used as a bleaching agent in certain industries, such as textile and wood pulp processing. It can help remove stains and brighten fabrics and paper products.

3. Metal cleaning and polishing: Oxalic acid dihydrate can be used to clean and polish metals, such as brass and copper. It can remove tarnish and restore the shine of metal surfaces.

4. Wood stain removal: Oxalic acid dihydrate is effective in removing wood stains caused by iron, water, or other sources. It can help restore the natural color of wood surfaces.

5. Chelating agent: Oxalic acid dihydrate is a chelating agent, meaning it can bind to metal ions and form stable complexes. It is used in certain industrial processes to remove metal ions from solutions or to stabilize metal ions in certain chemical reactions.

6. Medicinal uses: Oxalic acid dihydrate has some medicinal uses, such as being used in certain pharmaceutical formulations and as a treatment for kidney stones. However, its use in medicine should be under the guidance of a healthcare professional.

It is important to note that the effects of oxalic acid dihydrate can vary depending on the specific application and concentration used. It is a toxic substance and should be handled with care. Protective measures, such as wearing gloves and goggles, should be taken when working with oxalic acid dihydrate.