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Sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate (SDBS) is an anionic surfactant commonly used in various industrial and household applications. Its chemical structure comprises a long hydrophobic hydrocarbon tail (dodecyl group) attached to a benzene ring, which is further sulfonated to impart water solubility. This unique structure allows SDBS to effectively reduce surface tension and enhance wetting properties.

Chemical Properties

SDBS is characterized by its excellent emulsifying, foaming, and dispersing abilities. It is soluble in water, forming stable micelles that encapsulate oily substances, making it ideal for formulations requiring effective emulsification. The molecular formula of SDBS is C18H30NaO3S, and its molecular weight is approximately 348.5 g/mol.

Applications

SDBS finds extensive use in various fields:

Detergents and Cleaners: Due to its strong surfactant properties, SDBS is a key ingredient in household and industrial cleaning products, such as laundry detergents, dishwashing liquids, and surface cleaners.

Cosmetics: In the cosmetic industry, SDBS is utilized in shampoos, lotions, and creams to improve texture and stability.

Textile Industry: It serves as a wetting agent and dispersant during dyeing processes, ensuring even application of dyes on fabrics.

Agriculture: SDBS is also employed as a dispersant in pesticide formulations, enhancing the effectiveness of active ingredients.

Safety and Environmental Impact

While SDBS is generally regarded as safe for use in consumer products, it can be irritative to skin and eyes at high concentrations. Therefore, appropriate handling guidelines should be followed. Environmentally, SDBS is biodegradable, but its large-scale use can potentially affect aquatic systems if not managed properly.

In summary, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate is a versatile surfactant with numerous applications across different industries, valued for its ability to enhance product performance while being mindful of safety and environmental considerations.